BOEPaper
Analysis of large UK banks by the Bank of England reveals that SME lending yields the lowest return-on-equity compared to retail and large corporate lending.
BISPaper
Centralised exchanges remunerate stablecoin holders through two distinct models, reserve-based and activity-based, which imply different risk exposures and macro-financial implications.
BOEPaper
The Bank of England has published a hypothetical scenario outlining a severe global supply and geopolitical shock leading to a deep recession.
BOEPaper
Thirty-eight central counterparties (CCPs) and their members conducted the largest-ever global default simulation in November 2025.
BOEPaper
A Bank of England working paper finds that Covid-19 travel restrictions significantly increased trade costs, reducing global trade by approximately 23% in 2020 Q2. The effects were heterogeneous, impacting closer partners and road/air transport more.
BOCPaper
A Bank of Canada working paper estimates quality-adjusted AI output grew over 2000% annually in 2024 and 2025.
BOCPaper
Bank of Canada researchers study the optimal design of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) in an economy where private payment providers monetize transaction data and may have market power.
BDFPaper
A Banque de France working paper finds that both chronic temperature increases and acute heat days significantly reduce loan growth to French micro and SME firms.
BOEPaper
The Bank of England's Court of Directors met on April 23, 2026, to review updates on cyber security, project governance, and the expansion of its Leeds office.
CBIPaper
The Central Bank of Ireland has revised its domestic growth forecast upwards to 3.3 percent for 2026, citing strong investment.
BDIPaper
The Banca d'Italia's annual report on the economy of Molise for 2025 indicates a largely stationary performance.