Banco de España
News narratives explain diverging economic uncertainty signals
A Banco de España working paper reveals that economic uncertainty indicators often diverge because each captures a distinct dimension.
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Madrid's IES Ortega y Gasset wins Generación €uro competition
The student team from IES Ortega y Gasset in Madrid has won the 15th edition of the Generación €uro Competition.
Spanish household finances in 2024: income, assets, debt
The Bank of Spain's 2024 Survey of Household Finances details the financial situation of Spanish households at year-end.
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Spanish household income up, wealth distribution shifts
The Banco de España (BDE) presented the main results of its 2024 Household Finance Survey (EFF).
Spanish household income median up 3.8% annually, wealth lags
The Banco de España's 2024 Household Financial Survey (EFF) reveals that median household income in Spain grew by 3.8 percent annually between 2021 and 2023, surpassing 2001 levels.
Escrivá: Scenarios crucial for monetary policy in uncertain world
José Luis Escrivá, Governor of the Banco de España, discussed the challenges facing central banks, emphasizing the role of scenarios in navigating monetary policy under high uncertainty.
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Deputy Governor assesses geopolitical, banking risks
The Banco de España Deputy Governor assessed the geopolitical situation and its impact on the banking sector on April 15, 2026.
Spanish market unity law shows limited aggregate impact
A Banco de España paper analyzes Spain's Law 20/2013 on market unity, which allows economic operators to challenge unjustified regulatory barriers.
ECB calls for Single Market boost to strengthen EU banks
The European Central Bank (ECB) published proposals today to enhance bank competitiveness and financial infrastructure.
Patent microdata now accessible for researchers
The Banco de España and the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office (OEPM) have signed an agreement to provide researchers with granular data on patent and utility model applications.
Spanish household and corporate debt hits 25-year lows
Spanish household and corporate debt declined to 42.8% and 62.6% of GDP respectively in 2025, reaching their lowest levels since 1999 and 2001.
Banco de España's EBAE survey: Unpacking its design and data access
The Banco de España has published a methodological note detailing its quarterly Business Activity Survey (EBAE).