European Central Bank
ECBSpeech
Schnabel defends rate increases to 2.5 percent amid energy shocks
European Central Bank Executive Board Member Isabel Schnabel defended recent policy tightening, noting that the central bank lifted its deposit facility rate by 50 basis points to 2.5 percent to prevent persistent energy and demand shocks from feeding into underlying inflation.
Focus
ECBSpeech
Supervisors raise risk tolerance and accelerate bank approvals
ECB Supervisory Board Vice-Chair Frank Elderson announced a shift toward higher supervisory risk tolerance and faster procedures at a Basel conference on September 30, 2026.
ECBNews
Collateral rules introduce second-best rating for private assets
Amended Eurosystem collateral guidelines will take effect on November 30, 2026, establishing second-best rating requirements for private sector assets and updating valuation haircuts.
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ECBSpeech
Lagarde defends 25bp rate hike as energy inflation accelerates
Speaking to the European Parliament, European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde explained the recent 25 basis point rate increase and examined the economic impact of artificial intelligence.
ECBPaper
Initial conditions shape stagflation risk from geopolitical shocks
Identical geopolitical shocks produce substantially smaller stagflation risks when starting from a stable baseline, according to research by Maximilian Schröder.
ECBNews
Schnabel to step down from ECB for senior IMF role in January 2027
European Central Bank Executive Board member Isabel Schnabel will resign on January 3, 2027, to become Financial Counsellor and Director of the Monetary and Capital Markets Department at the International Monetary Fund.
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ECBDecoder
Inter-meeting speeches drive long-term euro market rate moves
Public speeches and interviews between rate-setting meetings move financial markets with the same magnitude as formal policy decisions, according to new European Central Bank research.
ECBPaper
Euro area working-age population to drop to 175 million by 2100
The euro area population is projected to peak at 361.4 million in 2037 before declining to 358 million by 2050, according to the latest EUROPOP 2025 demographic projections published in the ECB Economic Bulletin.
ECBPaper
Defence spending lifts euro area GDP by 0.4 percentage points
Additional defence spending will lift cumulative euro area real GDP growth by 0.4 percentage points over 2025-28, according to the European Central Bank.
ECBPaper
Deposit rate raised to 2.50 percent as energy shock lifts inflation
The European Central Bank raised all three key interest rates by 25 basis points on September 10, setting the deposit rate at 2.50 percent.
ECBPaper
Fast payment system links boost bilateral trade by 4 percent
Countries connecting their domestic fast payment systems see bilateral trade increase by approximately 4 percent, according to an ECB study.
ECBSpeech
Lane projects euro area inflation easing to 2.1 percent by 2028
ECB Executive Board member Philip R. Lane presented the September 2026 staff projections in Geneva, outlining an inflation path dropping from 3.0 percent in 2026 to 2.1 percent by 2028 as real GDP growth accelerates to 1.5 percent.