Banco de España
BDE
Press
International Cooperation Institute established
The Banco de España has created the International Cooperation Institute (ICIBE) to centralize and evaluate its global partnerships.
Focus
BDE
Paper
Monetary tightening disproportionately harms constrained households
A Banco de España working paper examines the financial stability risks and distributional effects of monetary policy tightening.
BDE
Press
Bank loan access improves in Spain despite rising interest rates
Access to bank financing for Spanish companies improved in the second quarter of 2026, driven by banks' greater willingness to lend despite rising borrowing costs.
Latest
BDE
Data
Non-cash payment operations rise 10.8 percent in H2 2025
Non-cash payment operations in Spain increased by 10.8 percent year-on-year to 10.37 billion in the second half of 2025, reaching a total value of 6.5 trillion euros, according to Banco de España data.
BDE
Paper
Oil supply shocks drive persistent inflation tail risks
A Banco de España working paper examines the asymmetric transmission of oil supply shocks to inflation distributions in the United States, the euro area, and the United Kingdom.
BDE
Paper
Spain's public debt ratio falls to 100.7 percent of GDP in 2025
Spain's public debt-to-GDP ratio fell by 1 percentage point to 100.7 percent in 2025, contrasting with rising debt levels across the broader euro area.
More Topics
BDE
Paper
Complaints drop 45 percent, BDE updates banking practice criteria
The Banco de España's 2025 Complaints and Enquiries Report reveals a 45 percent reduction in complaints compared to 2024.
BDE
Press
Bank of Spain complaints service recovers record €6.8 million
The Banco de España's complaints service facilitated the recovery of a record €6.8 million for banking customers in 2025.
BDE
Press
Credit supply tightens, demand falls in Q2 2026
The Banco de España reports that credit supply tightened across most segments in the second quarter of 2026, while loan demand continued to decline for businesses and housing.
BDE
Paper
Low emission zones cut PM2.5 by 4 percent, spillovers confirmed
A Banco de España working paper finds that low emission zones reduce fine particulate matter exposure by approximately 4 percent within designated areas across 33 European countries.
BDE
Paper
Spain's Credit Register sees record access, rising risk
The Banco de España's Credit Register (CIR) recorded a surge in citizen access requests and an overall increase in operations and total risk volume in 2025.
BDE
Press
Banco de España joins digital euro pilot with two Spanish PSPs
The Banco de España will participate in the digital euro pilot alongside the European Central Bank and 18 other Eurosystem national central banks.